The unsustainable depletion of our fossil petroleum resources ultimately affects every aspect of humanity. Sustainable solutions to these grave and urgent challenges will be dependent on understanding the fundamental basis for the differential formation of plant life forms.  Metabolomics has as one of its purposes to unravel the secrets within genomes, which define the diverse life forms seen today. Yet, what truly constitutes the plant metabolome is enigmatic, even though various technologies have been developed for this purpose.  We consider that we can begin to address such limitations by investigating the origins of plant metabolomes, particularly the evolution of specialized tissues and cell types which were essential for the synthesis and storage of diverse metabolites. The proposed activities will address critical knowledge gaps regarding the evolution of vascular plants.